Q1. Name of various types of impurities present in water and write down their effects. State the basic requirement of drinking water.
Impurities and their effect
The impurities present in natural water may be grouped into following four categories:
- Impurities of mineral origin
- Impurities organic origin
- living impurities
- Radioactive impurities
Effect of impurities present in water:
Impurities
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Effect on water
|
Effect on helth
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Living impurities
|
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Bacteria
|
Turbidity at
high concentrations
|
Diseases
|
Viruses
|
Diseases
|
|
Algae,fungi
|
Turbidity,
odour, colour
|
Diseases,
toxicity
|
Impurities of mineral &
Organic Origin
|
||
Silt and clay
|
Turbidity
|
|
Salt or calcium
and magnesium
|
Hardness,alkalinity,taste
|
|
Salt of sodium
|
Alkalinity,taste,salinity
|
|
Vegetable dyes
|
Colour,acidity
|
Diseases
|
Gases
|
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Oxygen
|
Corrosiveness,taste
|
|
Carbon dioxide
|
Acidity. corrosiveness
|
|
The basic requirement of drinking water are that the water should:
- Be completely free of pathogenic and micro-organisms that can cause disease.
- Be fairly clear & aesthetically attractive. i.e. low turbidity and colour.
- Not be saline to cause salty taste
- Contain no compounds that can cause an offensive taste and odour.
- Not have a temperature unacceptable to the consumers